Issue 09, Nov.– Dec. 15, 2025
Created and produced by the Pamoja kwa Amani Coalition | www.pamojakwaamani.org | pamojakwaamanioscrdc@gmail.com
Executive summary
In the east of the Democratic Republic of Congo, the repetition of events seems inevitable: the months go by and are all the same. Despite the signing of agreements intended to bring about peace, these are never respected on the ground. Alongside these failures, civilians remain the main victims, continuing to suffer the consequences of a worrying humanitarian situation. Human rights violations persist and are spreading, affecting many areas of the country.
November and the first half of December 2025 were marked by a series of significant events. On the diplomatic front, several advances were made, notably with the signing in Doha, Qatar, of the framework agreement on November 15, 2025, between the Government of the DRC and the Alliance de la Rivière Congo/Mouvement du 23 Mars (AFC-M23). Furthermore, on December 4, the peace agreement between the DRC and Rwanda was officially ratified by the heads of state of both countries, Félix-Antoine Tshisekedi and Paul Kagame, under the sponsorship of US President Donald Trump.
At the same time, on the military front, the fighting continued unabated and the war intensified across all fronts. Paradoxically, this escalation worsened after the Washington agreement was ratified by the two heads of state, suggesting that the agreement may have contributed more to exacerbating the situation than to calming it. To date, neither agreement—the Doha agreement nor the Washington agreement—has had any concrete effect on the ground. The parties to the conflict continue to accuse each other of repeated violations of the ceasefire.
The main consequence of the ongoing clashes is that thousands of civilians have been forced to flee the war without any humanitarian assistance. This mass displacement has led to a steady increase in the number of internally displaced persons and refugees, thereby exacerbating the humanitarian crisis in the region. As always, this persistent armed violence is accompanied by numerous human rights violations and war crimes attributable to all belligerents, underscoring the gravity of the situation and the urgency of an appropriate response to protect civilian populations.
Full report available in French and English below. Please download.
Report in English:
Report in French: